BBC：计算机翻译会取代人工翻译吗？_瑞科上海翻译公司

　　现在，各类计算机辅助翻译对象、翻译耳机、翻译应用程序大行其道，让没有懂外语的旅行者跟商务工作者感触感染到了方便快捷的翻译效劳。然而，计算机翻译会完整取代人工翻译吗？看看英国广播公司的报导怎样道。

　　You X Ventures/unsplash
　　Put crottin de chèvre into 谷歌 Translate and you'll be told it means goat dung.
　　正在谷歌翻译中输入crottin de chevre，它会通知您这个抒发的意义是羊粪。
　　So if it appeared on a menu you might pass. Alas you would be ruling out a delicious cheese made of goat's milk that is often served as a starter in France.
　　以是若是这个词呈现正在菜单上，您能够会间接疏忽。惋惜的是，您大概会是以错过一道美食。正在法国，这个词指的是用山羊奶做的甘旨奶酪，时常被看成开胃菜。

　　starter：n.第一道菜
　　Such misunderstandings are why 谷歌 admits that its free tool used by about 500 million people is not intended to WordStr human translators.
　　恰是因为有如许的误译，谷歌认可这个约莫有5亿人利用的收费对象并没有计划取代人工翻译。
　　Tourists might accept a few misunderstandings because the technology is cheap and convenient. But when the stakes are higher perhaps in business law or medicine these services often fall short.
　　旅客能够会接管一些误译，由于这类技巧便宜又便利。但正在贸易、功令或医学等范畴，当危险加大时，这些翻译效劳常常达不到要求。
　　"Using 谷歌 Translate can lead to some serious errors especially when words have multiple meanings which is often the case in fields such as law or engineering" says Samantha Langley a former lawyer who is now a court-approved French-to-English legal translator based in Meribel France.
　　“利用谷歌翻译能够会招致一些严峻的毛病，特别是当单词有多种含意时，功令或工程等范畴常有这类环境，”正在法国梅里贝尔事情的萨曼莎·兰利道。她曾是一位状师，此刻是法院承认的法语-英语功令翻译。
　　That is not to say professional translators do not use computer assisted translation (CAT) tools. More sophisticated applications can help them take the donkey work out of repetitive translations.
　　那并不是道专业的翻译人员没有利用计算机辅助翻译对象。一些更庞大的应用程序可以资助他们从反复枯燥的翻译事情中摆脱出来。

　　donkey work：艰辛枯燥而又无趣的事情
　　CATs are even used as part of modern language degree courses these days. So how good are they?
　　现在，古代语言学位课程以至也正在传授计算机辅助翻译对象的利用。那么它们的后果究竟若何？
　　One of the most popular new tools is the so-called translation earpiece. Usually paired with a smartphone app they pick up spoken foreign languages and translate them for the user.
　　此中一个最遍及利用的新对象就是是所谓的翻译耳机，平常经由过程智能手机应用程序操纵。耳时机将听到的外语给用户翻译出来。
　　"It has taken decades of research to create a framework of algorithms designed to recognise patterns in the same way as the human brain - a neural network" says Andrew Ochoa chief executive of US start-up Waverly Labs which produces translation earpieces.
　　出产翻译耳机的美国草创企业韦弗利实验室的首席执行官安德鲁?奥乔亚道：“咱们花了数十年的工夫去研讨，以创立一个算法框架，该框架致力于以与人类大脑（神经网络）不异的方法去识别模式。”
　　"Combining that with speech recognition technology has allowed us to make a huge leap forward in terms of accuracy."
　　“咱们将其与语音辨认技术相结合，大幅晋升了准确性。”

　　Brooke Cagle/unsplash
　　There's no doubt that CAT tools have taken some of the hard grind out of text translations like instruction manuals or questionnaires says Milan-based Paola Grassi a professional translator for Wordbank a global marketing and translation agency.
　　正在米兰事情的保拉·格拉西是寰球营销跟翻译机构辞汇库的专业翻译。她道，毫无疑问，计算机辅助翻译对象曾经接办了一些文本翻译的烦琐事情，好比仿单或查询拜访问卷的翻译。
　　"Survey contents are among the most repetitive ones and a good CAT tool can hugely speed up the process" she says.
　　“查询拜访内容是最反复的内容之一，好的计算机辅助翻译对象可以极大天放慢翻译进程，”她道。
　　For meetings and conferences wearable translators like Waverly's are undoubtedly popular. But even this new generation tech which combines speech recognition neural networks and internet-based translation engines has limitations.
　　关于集会来讲，像韦弗利实验室产物如许的可穿着式翻译器无疑是很受欢迎的。可是，即便是这类联合了语音辨认神经网络跟基于互联网的翻译引擎的新一代技巧，也有局限性。
　　Users must wait at least a few seconds for a phrase to be translated or more if the internet connection is poor.
　　用户必需守候至少几秒钟才气翻译出一个短语，若是网络连接欠好，工夫会更暂。
　　And computers still lack the subtlety of human communication.
　　另外，计算机依然难以翻译出人类交换的奇妙之处。
　　"Translation technology is undoubtedly a useful tool for certain content such as manuals" says Zoey Cooper brand and content director at Wordbank.
　　辞汇库的品牌跟内容主管佐伊?库珀道：“翻译技巧无疑是处置惩罚仿单等内容的有用对象。”
　　"But if you want to create a relationship with the reader you need a human translator to make it sound natural and capture the sentiment which often involves restructuring a sentence completely."
　　“可是，若是您念跟读者建立联系，您须要人工翻译，让译文听起来更天然，引起共鸣，那平常波及到从头组织语句。”
　　"I believe CAT tools hinder creativity" says Antonio Navarro Gosálvez an English-to-Spanish translator based in Alicante Spain.
　　“我认为计算机辅助翻译对象会障碍创造力，”安东尼奥·纳瓦罗·戈萨韦兹道，他是西班牙阿利坎特的一位英语-西语翻译。
　　"If the tool shows you a partial translation match I find it's actually harder to discard part of the sentence and rebuild it than to just create something from scratch."
　　“若是这个对象译出了一部分语句，我发明舍弃部门语句并从头组织语言实际上比从头开始翻译要难题得多。”

　　from scratch：从头开始
　　Mr Ochoa thinks this problem could be resolved within the next 10 years.
　　奥乔亚认为，这个问题可以正在将来10年内失掉办理。
　　"When it comes to expressing emotion and intonation we need sentiment analysis which is not there yet but may well be in ten years time" he says.
　　他道：“正在抒发感情跟腔调时，咱们须要感情剖析，虽然现阶段借没法做到，但十年内很能够会实现。”
　　Foreign language skills are still in demand in the labour market.
　　劳动力市场依然须要外语妙技。
　　In the UK about 15% of the jobs posted on recruitment website Reed ask for a foreign language.
　　正在英国，雇用网站Reed上约15%的职位要求懂一门外语。
　　New research from the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages shows 75% of manufacturing companies need employees with diverse language skills.
　　美国外语教学委员会的最新研讨显现，75%的制造企业须要理解多种语言的员工。
　　Yet languages have fallen out of favour in UK schools.
　　然而，语言正在英国黉舍已得宠。
　　Recent BBC analysis revealed drops of up to 50% in foreign language learning in secondary schools since 2013.
　　英国广播公司的最新剖析显现，自2013年以来，中学的外语学习课程削减了50%。
　　The UK's Department for Education is taking measures to halt the decline.
　　英国教育部正在采取措施停止这一趋向。
　　"We are committed to ensuring more pupils are studying languages which is why it is now compulsory in the national curriculum for all children between Years 3 and 9" it said.
　　英国教育部称：“咱们致力于确保更多的门生学习语言，是以依照课程要求，此刻三年级至九年级的门生皆必需学习语言。”
　　For Ms Cooper at least speaking a foreign tongue remains a precious skill.
　　至少对库珀来讲，懂一门外语依然是一项珍贵的妙技。
　　"There are still lots of opportunities for language graduates both in specialist translation and global marketing" she said.
　　她道:“语言专业的毕业生仍有良多时机，无论是正在专业翻译仍是寰球营销方面。”
　　And even if you don't use your language professionally it has other benefits.
　　即便您正在专业事情中用不到，也有其他益处。
　　"How can you get to know a country and embrace the culture if you don't speak the language?" says Ms Cooper.
　　库伯说：“若是您不会道一个国度的语言，您怎样能相识这个国度、接管这个国度的文明呢？”
　　"Even with the voice-activated apps available you will still miss out."
　　“即便有声控的应用程序，您仍是没法做到。”

英文起源：BBC